The inclined plane Essay Example

The slanted plane Paper On the off chance that the metal streetcar is without let down the slanted plane, its move will be quickened. Afterward, as the air opposition and grating power have effect on speeding up, they will change it. Analysis: The initial segment of trial included setting up a slanted plane. The material science book by Giancoli was setting down on one table, while the other school table was laid on the book. This activity is introduced on the Drawing 1. The length of the school table is 120 1 cm estimated by a ruler. The width of the table isn't required. The distinction in levels between a table and the most noteworthy purpose of the slanted plane is 6.8 cm . Utilizing a ruler with precision to millimeters and a chalk, we determined and decided six separations of a similar worth 15 cm with the vulnerability of 1 cm. Next we checked if the stopwatch worked appropriately and checked the streetcar. Its size is 191 cm; its mass isn't relevant. The most significant piece of the test included exact estimations. So as to do that, we rehashed estimations of separation and time the streetcar expected to travel given separation. Every estimation occurred multiple times. Six separations estimated multiple times gave an aggregate sum of sixty estimations. Utilizing 10 estimations we figure the normal time taken to travel given separation. We included every one of the ten estimations of time for each separation and isolated by ten. The outcomes can be found in the Table. We will compose a custom exposition test on The slanted plane explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on The slanted plane explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on The slanted plane explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer At that point, the condition V=d/t was utilized. The speed was determined as was the difference in time and the difference in speed. At that point all outcomes were recorded in Table 3 Later on, a=?V/?t was utilized. The quickening for each time was determined and recorded in Table 3. Another progression was to ascertain the vulnerability of the speeding up utilizing the condition: ?an/a= ?v/v+?t/t. The time, the speed and the quickening from the Table 3 were utilized and the outcomes were recorded in Table 3. The vulnerability of the separation is 1 centimeter and is steady; the vulnerability of time is 0.05 second and furthermore is consistent. The vulnerability of speed and increasing speed isn't consistent. In the wake of recording every single fundamental information, the midpoints of time, speed, increasing speed and vulnerability were determined the estimations of every six separations were included and partitioned by number of the estimations six. All estimations were adjusted to second decimal place. The subsequent stage to gauge the speeding up was developing the diagram demonstrating the separation reliance on schedule (Graph 1). The best-fit line was drawn, so were the line of maximal slant and the line of insignificant incline. At that point, the Graph 2 demonstrating the normal quickening reliance on time was developed. The best fit line was drawn. Last advance was making a Graph 3 speaking to the connection between given speeds. speed In the analysis, the estimations of air opposition and contact power were disregarded, yet the air obstruction and erosion power has affected the entire experiment. The built charts demonstrate the speculation wrong. The line contacts all mistake bars, so it implies there is a connection between the straight amounts. The unit of the vulnerability of the separation is communicated in centimeters, the vulnerability of time in a moment or two and the vulnerability of speeding up in centimeters every subsequent square. The flying corps and contact affects the estimation of increasing speed during the trial. The ends are sensible. In the investigation there was blunder because of the absence of accuracy of the ruler. Its unrealistic to be exact utilizing the standard ruler estimating with exactness to millimeters. Another conceivable blunder can be available because of the powerlessness to see and imprint the specific point where the indistinguishable separations were. Blunder likewise originated from failure to know precisely when to stop the clock; additionally the extra seconds-response time of the experimentator. Given blunders could create additional mistakes in estimations of increasing speeds. All mistakes have sensible qualities. The estimations of the estimations are like one another. The quantity of reiteration is legitimate. The way that the chart doesnt experience the point (0,0) shows nearness of the precise mistake. As the specific estimation of air opposition and erosion powers were not respected, the mistake could happen. There additionally could be the mistake because of the slight difference in levels in view of delicate front of Giancoli. As all investigations, this one likewise include blunders and can be improved. The vulnerability could be diminished, the millimeter paper could be utilized rather than the ruler, hard spread rather than Giancoli. Considering air opposition and erosion power could help with evaluating points of interest. The utilization of progressively exact clock could likewise improve our estimations and further investigation. More readings could give better outcomes and in this way improve the entire investigation. The way that the slanted plane had a low edge could likewise change the normal outcomes; if the slanted plane were higher, the outcomes would be more precise. Not incorporating and utilizing in computations the estimations of air opposition and contact power has impacted the count, and what follows, the consequences of the examination. On the off chance that the estimations of air obstruction, portion power and different factors were thought of and hence determined, it would appear, that our analysis was done accurately.

Christopher Columbus Case Essay Example for Free

Christopher Columbus Case Essay Christopher Columbus is one of the most notable pioneers ever. Christopher Columbus had numerous journeys that he had done consistently. There was a few letters that he had composed, one with respect to his first journey was to Luis de Santangel that clarified what he had found, and the manner in which he felt during his journey. Another was his fourth journey to Ferdinand and Isabella, wherein he shows distress and lament for his revelations. In the letters that Christopher Columbus had composed his tones were particular and extraordinary. It is difficult to believe that it is even a similar individual composed the two letters. Columbus rolled out a total improvement from pompous to humble in his mentality. The letter that Christopher Columbus had written to Luis de Santangel was with respect to his first journey and his tone in this letter can be portrayed as exceptionally excited, enthusiastic, and restless for his up and coming journeys. When perusing the primary letter you can tell that he is energized just by the manner in which he portrays the manner in which the island looks. He goes in incredible length about the wonders of the new terrains he experiences. He clarifies them as he is a kid encountering something new just because. All are generally lovely, of a thousand shapes, and all are open and loaded up with trees of a thousand sorts and tall, and they appear to contact the sky and Espanola is a wonder. Christopher Columbus transmits his fervor through his letter to Luis de Santangel. Christopher Columbus nearly feels as he really has the entire world readily available, and anticipates more. In His letter Regarding the Fourth Voyage that was to Ferdinand and Isabella you see an entirely different manner about him. Pessimistic and down demeanor encompasses his composition. He discusses sobbing when he ponders the terrains that he has found, because of the way that they are practically desolate. He goes on by saying individuals are biting the dust them every day due to the boldness that individuals have there, detaining individuals, and taking their properties. He goes on more profound by clarifying how he has developed old and dim. Not a hair on his body that isnt dark. He states how everybody is attempting to investigate and loot with no information on investigation or any heart for the issue, simply attempting to get a slice of the pie. I think he feels fairly sold out, and approaches common discipline for Alonso de Ojeda, who is the man that took nearly all that he had. â€Å"The same discipline is because of him who denied me of the pearls, and to him who encroached my privileges as admiral†. Christopher Columbus is one of the most notable pioneers ever. Columbus life was a journey in itself. While he rose to acclaim as an extraordinary pilgrim, he additionally had horrible lows throughout his life. During his journeys, Columbus composed letters archiving his experience. His tone and expression in Letter to Luis de Santangel Regarding the First Voyage is peppy and confident, while his tone in the Letter to Ferdinand and Isabella Regarding the Fourth Voyage is loaded with pity. His arrangement of four journeys somewhere in the range of 1492 and 1504 delivered a short snapshot of marvel following by a yearns arrangement of catastrophes and dissatisfactions, which mirror his perspectives at these various occasions throughout his life.

What Exactly Is a Pyromaniac

What Exactly Is a Pyromaniac Addiction Addictive Behaviors Print Pyromania Causes and Treatment By Amy Morin, LCSW facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our editorial policy Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on February 14, 2020    Rolfo Brenner / EyeEm / Getty Images More in Addiction Addictive Behaviors Caffeine Internet Shopping Sex Alcohol Use Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Despite culture’s flippant treatment of the term “pyromaniac”â€" often jokingly shortened to “pyro” or termed “firebug”â€" people with pyromania have a serious mental health condition.?? Pyromania is characterized by intentionally and repetitively setting fires â€" and doing so compulsively. Pyromaniacs feel unable to stop the behavior. Setting a fire releases inner tension or anxiety and gives the person a rush of pleasure or relief. Symptoms The latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) files pyromania in the disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders section.?? The essential feature of pyromania is the presence of multiple episodes of deliberate and purposeful fire setting. In addition, individuals with pyromania experience tension and affective arousal before setting a fire. Other symptoms may include: A fascination with fire, which may include interest, curiosity, and attraction to fire and fire setting paraphernalia.??Watching fires in the neighborhood, setting off false alarms, or gaining pleasure from institutions, equipment,  and personnel with fireSpending time at a local fire department, setting fires to be affiliated with the fire department, or becoming a firefighter.Experiencing pleasure, gratification, or relief when starting a fire, witnessing the effects, and participating in the aftermath People with pyromania do not set fires for monetary gain. They also aren’t trying to conceal criminal activity, gain vengeance, or improve their living situation. The symptoms also cannot be in response to delusions or hallucinations. The fire setting also cannot stem from impaired judgment, such as an intellectual disability. The diagnosis also won’t be made if the behavior is better explained by another mental illness, such as conduct disorder or antisocial personality disorder or if it occurs during a manic episode. People with pyromania may make considerable advance preparation for setting fires. They may be indifferent to whether anyone is physically or financially harmed or they may gain pleasure from the destruction they cause. Pyromaniacs vs. Arsonists A pyromaniac might hoard matches and lighters, burn holes in fabric, rugs, or furniture and set fire to pieces of paper or other flammable materials. They may seem obsessed with setting fires. But, pyromaniacs don’t have a desire to harm anyone and they aren’t looking for monetary gains from the fires they set. So while an arsonist may burn down someone’s house to get revenge or to try and collect insurance money, pyromaniacs are doing it purely for the emotional benefits they gain from starting fires.     Causes There isnt a single known cause of pyromania.?? Research suggests there might be a genetic link and it may be similar to a behavioral addiction.?? It’s not known exactly  how many people have pyromania. Researchers estimate it  only affects a very small portion of the population, however. The lifetime prevalence of fire setting is reported to be 1.1 percent of the populationâ€"and that’s only one component of pyromania. So it’s likely there are far fewer people who meet the full criteria for a diagnosis. When researchers examined individuals in the criminal system who had exhibited repeat fire-setting behaviors, they found only 3.3 percent of that population met the full criteria for pyromania. People who have certain other mental illnesses may be at a higher risk than the general population. People with a gambling disorder, bipolar disorder, substance use disorder, and antisocial personality disorder may be more likely to be pyromaniacs.?? The condition appears in both males and femalesâ€"though it’s significantly more common in malesâ€"and people of any age, even as young as 3 years old.   It’s more common in people who have learning disabilities or lack social skills, and there are environmental factors in play, too. Pyromania has been associated with people who have been sexually or physically abused, or suffer parental neglect or abandonment. People who have a history of crime also tend to display more fire-setting tendencies. For example, more than 19 percent of those diagnosed with pyromania has been charged with vandalism at least once, and around 18 percent have been found guilty of non-violent sexual offenses.   Pyromania in Children Fire setting is a major problem in young people.?? More than 40 percent of individuals arrested for arson in the United States are under the age of 18. But, few of those young people meet the criteria for pyromania. There isn’t a typical age of onset for pyromania. It may be identified during childhood but it’s not clear if pyromania lasts into adulthood. Fire-setting behaviors often come and go in people with pyromania. So a child who exhibits symptoms of pyromania may seem to get better over time before engaging in fire setting again. Pyromania may be identified during childhood. Family, friends, or teachers may be among the first people to recognize a child seems obsessed with fire. Fire setting in adolescents is often associated with conduct disorder, ADHD, or an adjustment disorder.?? Treatment Immediate treatment of suspected pyromania is key to avoid the risk of injury, property damage, jail time or even death. The sole method of treatment for pyromania is cognitive behavioral therapy, which teaches a person to acknowledge the feelings of tension that can lead to setting fires and finding a safer way to release that tension.?? Family members who are concerned about an individual who seems obsessed with fire might benefit from family counseling. Family therapy can help loved ones understand the disorder while also teaching them how to keep the family safe. At this point, there haven’t been any controlled trials of medication for pyromania, though proposed medical treatments include the use of SSRIs, antiepileptic medications, atypical antipsychotics, lithium, and anti-androgens. Therefore, cognitive behavioral therapy is considered the only viable treatment option at this time. A Word From Verywell Pyromania isn’t a joking matter, nor is it something to treat lightly. Potential pyromaniacs should seek help immediately to keep themselves, as well everyone in their lives and in their community, safe from harm or damage.

Financial analysis of the performance of burberry Free Essay Example, 2500 words

Additionally, the company is buoyed by the platforms in the emerging countries to drive their earnings both in growth and volume. We will base our strategic analysis of the company on four distinct factors. These are; the existing strengths, the existing weaknesses, the existing opportunities and the existing threat. From a review of the previous performance of the company, the focus that is currently being given to the distribution on licensing in countries like Japan, Spain and the United States has left the company with a low gearing ratio (Proctor, 2012). However, through the current strategy of expansion of sales of Burberry brand and the seizure of opportunities aimed at capturing a greater share of the brand value chain presents numerous opportunities enhancing future value creation. To this end, it would be worth noting that the business model employed by the company possess characteristics of both retail and luxury goods companies. Table of Contents Cover Executive Summary Introduction Section 1 – Identifying the vision and strategy of the organization Section 2 – Balanced Score Card (BSC) Diagrammatic Representation of Balanced Score Card Section 3 – Strategy Map Section 4 – Recommendation Section 5 – Critical discussion and evaluation of the Use of Balanced Scorecard References Appendices 1 2 4 5 5 7 8 9 8 9 13 14 Introduction Created in 1956, Burberry Group plc continues to be a global luxury fashion brand and boasts of a history of 158 years. We will write a custom essay sample on Financial analysis of the performance of burberry or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The company specializes in manufacturing a wide variety of products which include accessories, beauty for men, luxury apparel, with men and children being a major business item of the company. The market for the company’s products is spread out to regions including Americas, Asia pacific and Europe with its stock being listed on the London Stock Exchange with the principle business being investment. This report will be applying the appropriate accounting techniques to critically analyzing financial data in the context of a variety of business decision making instances while at the same time making informal judgments from such accounting analyses. Section 1 – Identifying the Vision and Strategy of the Organization The vision of Burberry from its financial statements is; â€Å"To be the leading company that is fully digital across the globe† (Burberry Plc ‘Annual Report 2012/2013). The group strategy of Burberry is marked by a combination of both leading market position and a strong franchise in the established countries in addition to employing the use the platforms from the emerging countries in order to drive earnings both in the form of growth and volumes.

The Cold War - 825 Words

Essay 2 Prompt # 2: The Risk of Incomplete Information Despite its name, the Cold War did not actually involve military fighting between the United States and the Soviet Union. However, the Cold War is still an excellent example as to why war can be a result of bargaining failures and explains reasons as to why war occurs. A single person’s rationality can tip the scale between war and peace. The Cold War was essentially a deadlock between the two super powers of that time, the United States and the Soviet Union. Both states expressed desire to maintain and widen their respective spheres of influence around the world. Both states also wanted to prove that their political system is superior; whereas the United States was pro-democracy, the Soviet Union was pro-communism. Although the Cold War was a result of many factor, war can definitely occur due to information problems between two states. Nonetheless, I do believe there is always a range of agreements that is possible between states, as is evidenced by the resolution of the Cub an missile crisis. Knowledge plays a key role in a state’s decision, and erroneous decisions that lead to war often occur due to lack of information. One of the greatest examples that emphasize the importance of information and human rationality was during Cuban Missile Crisis. An article published by The New York Times, written by Neil Genzlinger, highlights the Cuban missile crisis, and how close the United States and the Soviet Union were on theShow MoreRelatedThe War Of The Cold War1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War was a state of political and military tension stemming from World War II fought primarily between the United States and the Soviet Union. Although the start and end dates of the Cold War are frequently disputed over, it is generally accepted that the conflict started at the conclusion of the Second World War and stemmed from the social climate and lingering tensions in Europe and the increasing power struggles between the Soviet Union and the United State s. Along with economic separationRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War Essay1525 Words   |  7 PagesOne major war ended and another to begin. The Cold war lasted about 45 years. There were no direct military campaigns between the United States and Soviet Union. However, billions of dollars and millions of lives were lost. The United States emerged as the greatest power from World War 2. (Give Me Liberty 896) The country boasted about having the most powerful navy and air force. The United states accounted for about half of the world’s manufacturing capacity, which it alone created the atomic bombRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War757 Words   |  4 PagesAs tensions continued to augment profoundly throughout the latter half of the Cold War period, they brought forth a movement from a previous bipolar conflicting course, to one of a more multipolar nature. These tensions were now not only restricted to the Soviet Union and United states, but amongst multiple other nations of the g lobe. It became a general consensus that a notion of ‘peace’ was sought globally, hence, the emergence of dà ©tente. The nature of this idea in the short term conveyed itselfRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War961 Words   |  4 Pages1945, beginning year of the Cold War. The development of cold war just started after the end of world War ||. The cold war was the result of conflict between two powerful country Soviet Union and United State. The war was regarding to the lead the world after the World War ||. The Soviet Union wanted to emerge its power to the world and so do the United States too. The research paper mainly focused on various reasons of opposition of two great power of the world Soviets and United States of AmericaRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe U.S. learned greatly after having been declared the victor of the Cold War. Retired four-star U.S. Army general Colin Powell said, â€Å"The long bitter years of the Cold War are over . America and her allies have won; totally, decisively, and overwhelmingly† (Reed 343). The Cold War started after World War II in 1947 and ended in 1991. The U.S. underwent a political war with the Soviet Union in hopes of advancing more rapidly in certain fields, such as nuclear weapons and space crafts. Avoiding nuclearRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War886 Words   |  4 Pagesin an infamous battle against ideologies: The Cold War. Even though war took place during this time, both powers were not involved in battle directly, hence the name cold war. The war mainly consisted of assumed and implied threats of nuclear attacks and political control over states in Europe. Even before 1945, the beginning of the Cold War, tension brewed between the U.S and the U.S.S.R. Both sides had differing views on Europe s state after the war. For instance, programs like the Marshall PlanRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesDuring World War II, the United States, Br itain, and Russia all worked together to take down Hitler. Although after the war, the coordination between the U.S. and Russia became extremely tense which inevitably lead to the Cold War. The U.S. was worried that Russia would spread communism after World War II. Russia was concerned with the U.S. arms increase and intervention in international affairs. The distrust between the two nations resulted in the Cold war which lasted until 1991. In 1946, WinstonRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War was a result of what happened at the end of World War 2. At the end of World War 2, the Soviets held a grudge against the U.S for their delayed entrance in the World War resulting in deaths of thousands of Russians resulting in the appearance of the Cold War .The Cuban Missile Crisis was a significant flashpoint in the Cold War because it was the moment two superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict. This crisis, while posing the very real threat of global annihilation, also led toRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War942 Words   |  4 PagesFeelings Do Matter At the close of World War Two in 1945, the United States entered another kind of war, the Cold War, which did not involve two adversaries in open battle fields using bullets against the Soviet Union. Throughout the Cold War, incidents fueled feelings of anxiety, mistrust and pride. Often pride is defined as â€Å"a feeling that you are more important or better than other people† (Pride). Mistrust on the other hand is the â€Å"feeling that someone is not honest and cannot be trusted†,Read MoreThe War Of The Cold War1737 Words   |  7 Pages Cold War The Cold War, which is often dated from 1945 to 1989, was a constant state of political and military tension between powers in the West, dominated by the United States with NATO among its allies, and powers in the East, dominated by the Soviet Union along with the Warsaw Pact. The development of Nuclear Weapons and long range shooting missiles by the United States gave a lot of fear and caused mass destruction. The Cold War came about after World War II when America used their atomic bombs

5 Ways of St. Thomas Free Essays

First Way:Â  The Argument From Motion St. Thomas Aquinas, studying the works of the Greek philsopher Aristotle, concluded from common observation that an object that is in motion (e. g. We will write a custom essay sample on 5 Ways of St. Thomas or any similar topic only for you Order Now the planets, a rolling stone) is put in motion by some other object or force. From this, Aquinas believes that ultimately there must have been an UNMOVED MOVER (GOD) who first put things in motion. Follow the agrument this way: 1) Nothing can move itself. 2) If every object in motion had a mover, then the first object in motion needed a mover. 3) This first mover is the Unmoved Mover, called God. Second Way:Â  Causation Of Existence This Way deals with the issue of existence. Aquinas concluded that common sense observation tells us that no object creates itself. In other words, some previous object had to create it. Aquinas believed that ultimately there must have been an UNCAUSED FIRST CAUSE (GOD) who began the chain of existence for all things. Follow the agrument this way: 1) There exists things that are caused (created) by other things. 2) Nothing can be the cause of itself (nothing can create itself. ) 3) There can not be an endless string of objects causing other objects to exist. 4) Therefore, ther must be an uncaused first cause called God. Third Way:Â  Contingent and Neccessary Objects This Way defines two types of objects in the universe: contingent beings and necessary beings. A contingent being is an object that can not exist without a necessary being causing its existence. Aquinas believed that the existence of contingent beings would ultimately neccesitate a being which must exist for all of the contingent beings to exist. This being, called a necessary being, is what we call God. Follow the argument this way: 1) Contingent beings are caused. 2) Not every being can be contingent. 3) There must exist a being which is necessary to cause contingent beings. ) This necessary being is God. Fourth Way:Â  The Agrument From Degrees And Perfection St. Thomas formulated this Way from a very interesting observation about the qualities of things. For example one may say that of two marble scultures one is more beautiful than the other. So for these two objects, one has a greater degree of beauty than the next. This is referr ed to as degrees or gradation of a quality. From this fact Aquinas concluded that for any given quality (e. g. goodness, beauty, knowledge) there must be an perfect standard by which all such qualities are measured. These perfections are contained in God. Fifth Way:Â  The Agrument From Intelligent Design The final Way that St. Thomas Aquinas speaks of has to do with the observable universe and the order of nature. Aquinas states that common sense tells us that the universe works in such a way, that one can conclude that is was designed by an intelligent designer, God. In other words, all physical laws and the order of nature and life were designed and ordered by God, the intellgent designer. A more complete explanation of St. Thomas’ Fifth Way about God as Intelligent Designer can be seen on my web page dedicated to Paley’s Teleological Argument. How to cite 5 Ways of St. Thomas, Papers

Vicious Cycle The Flipside of Brazils Agricultural Expansionist Policies

Introduction Being the fifth largest country in the world both in terms of geographical size and population, Brazil epitomizes the ongoing global tension pitying biodiversity preservation against agricultural sustainability and economic development.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Vicious Cycle: The Flipside of Brazil’s Agricultural Expansionist Policies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Available statistics demonstrate that Brazil is a critical emerging economic power with a GDP of US$604.0 billion and a GDP per capita of US$3,326.21 in 2004, and that the country’s environment is one of the richest in the world not only because its fauna and flora is found nowhere else on earth, but also due to the fact that its ecosystems contain in excess of 15 percent of the plant and animal species known to science (European Commission, 2007). Holding up to 12 percent of the available freshwater world wide, the country is undoubtedly one of leading producers of food and biofuels in Latin America and globally (Ferreira et al., 2012). But while Brazil continues to play an increasingly important role in the global challenge to supply food to a growing and more affluent human population through agricultural expansion activities, hence driving rapid economic development, available literature demonstrates that such events have also had significant adverse impacts on biodiversity and the conservation of ecosystem services in the country (Ferreira et al., 2012). This paper borrows from Ascher and Healy’s (1990) concept of vicious cycle to demonstrate how Brazil may be sucked into the vicious cycle, entailing economic production, the environment, income distribution and resources, if policies are not put in place to address adverse impacts caused by agricultural expansion. Understanding the Vicious Cycle the Brazilian Problem In their influential reading, Ascher and Healy (1990) e mploy the vicious cycle metaphor, which essentially is a circular constellation of forces tending to act and react upon one another in such a manner as to keep a poor country in a state of poverty, to demonstrate the complex interrelationships among four critical facets of sociophysical production namely economic production, distribution of income, natural resources, and the environment. In the four key attributes, economic production is described as the level, source, and composition of the goods and services generated by the economy at any point in time, while income distribution is perceived as including functional distribution, size distribution among recipients of diverse income levels, distribution of in-kind income such as government services or gratification from environmental quality, as well as regional income distribution.Advertising Looking for critical writing on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn Mor e Likewise, natural resources have been described as a broad assortment of substantial natural endowments such as land, water, timber and minerals, while environment refers to the natural systems that provide the background or surroundings for human activity (Ascher Healy, 1990). Unlike other less advanced and developing countries, Brazil is on the verge of achieving long-term economic development that is partially fuelled by effective exploitation of natural resources (Ferreira et al., 2012), which not only include â€Å"the dense tropical rainforests of the Amazon, but also the important biomes of the Savannah-like Cerrado, the arid scrublands of the Caatinga, the Atlantic Forest, the grasslands of the Pampa and the wetlands of the Pantanal† (European Commission, 2007 p. 11). Reports released by The Economist (2010) and Food Agriculture Organization (2012), cited in Ferreira et al. (2007), show that the phenomenal expansion of Brazilian agriculture has been at the core o f its most recent economic expansion, corresponding to 28% of the country total exports. However, as demonstrated by these authors, â€Å"there are rising concerns about the threats that these changes represent to Brazil’s globally significant biological wealth, including widespread deforestation and clearance of native vegetation, and rapid increases in the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural chemical supplies† (p. 535-536). This observation, in my viewpoint, has the capacity to ignite a complex vicious cycle which will ultimately cut across two or more attributes of sociophysical production Exposing the Adverse Relationships Ascher Healy (1990) have taken considerable effort to demonstrate the interrelationships between the various facets, such as the vicious cycle between economic development and environment and vicious cycle between economic development and income distribution. In the Brazilian context, for example, it is evident that attempts by government and other stakeholders to enhance the country’s economic development through agricultural expansion have continued to generate a multiplicity of environmental externalities, such as reduction of biological diversity, soil erosion in rural farming areas, watershed damage, depletion of natural resources, soil and habitat degradation due to continued use of harmful pesticides, rise of slum areas, as well as health-related conditions brought about by overcrowding and increasing lead emissions from automobiles (Carneiro Danton 2011; Ferreira et al., 2012).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Vicious Cycle: The Flipside of Brazil’s Agricultural Expansionist Policies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the same vein, it emerges that the urge to achieve sustained economic development has catapulted policymakers into availing vast tracts of previously virgin land for cultivation aimed at increasing agricultural yield. Although a sizeable proportion of farmers are employing modern practices to increase acreage and agricultural output, many are still using poisonous pesticides and farming practices that contribute substantially to soil erosion and degradation. Consequently, it can be suggested that a vicious cycle between economic development and environmental degradation has already set in. But more importantly, environmental policymakers in Brazil should realize that another vicious cycle between economic development and income distribution will set in the near future as long as farmers in North-East regions of the country continue to use harmful farming practices to expand their agricultural production and benefit from international food markets. When agriculture will no longer be sustainable due to ongoing poor farming practices, these farmers will lose their economic backbone, and hence, the income inequalities will increase. Conversely, it can be argued that th ese farmers will not only lack the capacity to take care of their social and health needs but will also continue to haphazardly exploit available natural resources for economic gain, resulting in a vicious cycle that will have major adverse impacts on biodiversity and the conservation of ecosystem services in the country. Way Forward The way forward for environmental policymakers in Brazil, therefore, is to put in place strong institutional policies for managing resources and ensuring the long-term sustainability of the agricultural sector. The government, in conjunction with relevant stakeholders, must act with immediacy to break the vicious cycle between economic development and environmental degradation by coming up with educational and awareness programs targeting farmers who use inferior farming methods to enhance their agricultural output.Advertising Looking for critical writing on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, it is imperative for the government to develop clear management objectives and sufficient implementation capacity of the existing policies to ensure that the beneficial urge to achieve economic development through agricultural expansion does not shift into unwarranted destruction of the country’s strikingly rich biodiversity and ecosystem. These interventions, in my view, will arrest the vicious cycle before it gains momentum towards a hazardous level. References Ascher. W., Healy, R.G. (1990). Natural resource policymaking in developing countries: Environment, economic growth, and income distribution. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. Carneiro, M.J., Danton, T. (2011). Agriculture and biodiversity in the Brazilian social sciences: A possible state-of-the-art scenario. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Sciences, 24(3), 225-246. European Commission. (2007). Country strategy paper 2007-2013. Web. Ferreira, J., Pardini, R., Metzger, J.P., Fo nseca, C.R., Pompeu, P.S., Sparovek, G., Louzada, J. (2012). Towards environmentally sustainable agriculture in Brazil: Challenges and opportunities for applied ecological research. Journal of Applied Ecology, 49(3), 535-541. This critical writing on Vicious Cycle: The Flipside of Brazil’s Agricultural Expansionist Policies was written and submitted by user Cheyanne Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.